Gold Chain

 Unemployment is a crucial issue faced by many countries across the world. Generally unemployment is referred as a situation where all the people in the work force who are willing and able to work at the prevailing wage and working conditions are unable to get employment.The unemployment rate refers to the percentage of people in the labour force who are unemployed. In India the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) has been conducting Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) since 2017-  collecting data on employment and unemployment situation in  the country.So far six Annual Reports and twenty three quarterly reports have been released by NSSO.The Annual Periodic Labour Force Survey  PLFS is designed with two major objectives of measuring unemployment and employment  .While the first measure the dynamics in labour force     and employment in the short time interval of three months for only the urban areas in  the Current Weekly Status (CWS), Sec...

 Economic history of different countries has shown that as time moves forward the relative importance of certain regions or  provinces may decline and that of others will increase. The working paper on relative Economic performance of Indian States  prepared by Sanjeev  Sanyal and Aakanksha Arora also pointed out such changes in the growth pattern of Indian  States  between 1960-61 and 2023-24. After the introduction of economic reforms and liberalisation in 1991, it has been observed that at the time of  independence the three Presidency towns namely Bombay in Maharashtra, Calcutta in West Bengal and Madras in Tamil Nadu were centers of large industrial clusters. However by 1960s their relative dominance witnessed some changes. In 1960-61 among the states Delhi was the wealthiest followed by Maharashtra and West Bengal. .In 1960-61 Uttar Pradesh ranked 1st with 14.4%share of India's GDP  followed by Maharashtra 12.5%,West Bengal 10.5%Tamil Nadu 8...

Gross Domestic  Product or GDP is the sum total value of goods and services produced within the country, which is  generally used to compare with the GDP of other countries. It may be noted here that despite other important indicators like HDI, education,health, nutrition poverty index etc for general comparisons GDP is widel used. According to Economic Survey 2023-24  Indian economy is both on a strong wicket and stable footing demonstrating resilience in GDP growth despite various emerging geopolitical conflicts and tensions.India has consolidated it's post covid recovery with proper policy mix of  measures including fiscal and monetary policies which ensured both economic and financial stability. It has been observed that while India's GDP growth had averaged 6.6% ,since 2010 till the pandemic, employment growth remained under 2.0% during the same period. A look at the GDP estimate made by various agencies including National Statistical Office,Finance Ministry , R...

  The UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) World Investment report 2024 observed that  in a world grappling with global and regional crises the delicate balance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) hangs precariously. The Report serves as a stark reminder that Investment is the lifeblood of sustainable development. In this context 2024  Report specifically focus on the importance of investment facilitation and the digital governance for  future  growth of investment in general and private sector investment in particular. Theoretically FDI refers to investment made by a company or individual abroad to protect its business interest by controlling the ownership and operation of the firm or venture. FDI can take different forms ranging from  acquiring shares, establishing subsidiaries or joint ventures, providing loans and technology transfers.etc.  The major components of FDI are equity capital , reinvested earnings and  intra comp...