Gold Chain

 GEOECONOMICS AND ENERGY Geoeconomics has been shaping global energy supplies from different countries and  sources.Geoeconomics studies the combination of economic and geographic factors impacting international trade, investment and factor mobility.Accordingly government policies are largely guided by geoeconomics  and frequently geopolitics and geoeconomics are used interchangeably.In effect geoeconomics is " the geostrategic use of economic power" .It has been observed that the post cold war resurgence of Geoeconomics has been influenced by largely Washington led  global economic integration, charecterised by neoliberal capitalists conventions that have transformed the foundations of global security, foreign policy and statecraft.In energy sector also  shifting is taking place from traditional fossil fuel exporters to countries supplying renewable energy technologies and  critical material supply chains.Historically energy security were dependent on oil ...

CETA  India- UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement came into effect from July 15th 2026 making revolutionary change in bilateral trade between two countries.Most  significantly eliminating 99% of  tariff of Indian exports to the United Kingdom. Formalisation of  CETA and the Free Trade Agreement  (FTA)will reach the goal of bilateral trade  beyond US $100 billion by 2030 .Moreover India-UK Vision 2035 require prerequisites like Free Trade Agreement, Bilateral  Investment Treaty,, cooperation in Artificial Intelligence, International Solar Alliance ,Net Zero and Innovation Virtual  Centre. The benefits of the agreement can be classified into four namely 1Market Access  As India secures Zero  duty access  for 99% of it's exports to UK,it covers  nearly 100% trade value.Major beneficiary segments include  textiles, leather, footwear, gems& jewellery, marine and engineering goods etc, along  with concessions...

 RECENT INFLATIONARY TRENDS  Inflation 9refers to a situation where value of money is falling and prices are rising. Based on the rate at which annual inflation rate  is accelerating it is being classified as creeping, walking,  running and galloping inflation. India's Economic Survey 2025-26 highlighted  high disinflationary  trend  with a very low average headline inflation of 1.7% during April  to December 2025.Consumer price Index  recorded for july,September  and October 2025 were 1.55,2.50 and 2.90 respectively. It was largely due to favourable  macro economic fundamentals including moderate inflation,favourable financial sector balance sheets conditions and heathy  fiscal developments supporting  balance between objectives of growth and consolidation..On the otherhand  external sector  remained manageable due to  increasing service sector exports and large Foreign exchange Reserves.. But situation has...

 INDIA AUSTRALIA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP  India - Australia bilateral relations have been evolving over the years and bilateral ties reached to a Comprehensive Strategic partnership (CSP) in June 2020 marking Strategic deepening of relations driven by factors including shared democratic values and a vision for a free open and prosperous Indo Pacific. The partnership has further strengthened  rapidly by recent developments including Defence Minister's Dialogue in October 2025 and recent  Declaration on Defence and Security   Cooperation signed in July 2025.The Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement signed has increasingly expanded our trade and investment horizons. The third India-Australia summit held on 9th July 2026 in Melbourne not only reaffirmed the commitment to strengthening cooperation across India and Australia on defence trade, critical minerals ,clean energy ,education,Emerging technologies and most importantly Indo- Pacific security.  Both ...

 MEANING OF GEOECONOMICS  Geoeconomics refers to the interrelationship  between economics, geography and politics.It uses economic tools like trade policies, investments, and financial  sanctions to achieve geopolitical goals.Geoeconomics uses the analytical framework to assess the strategic and spatial properties of of national economies .Analysts expected that the end of cold war would lead to more peaceful age of international relations when most nations professed to follow agreed rules in a positive-sum game designed to benefit all.But Ironically as things stand today such a vision is under grave threat as Governments increasingly turn to usage of tarrifs, sanctions, and other trade control measures. Moreover across the globe the line between economic and national security is becoming opaque. According to Jean- Marc Natal  raw materials that rule and control of commodities shaped the world economy in the past and could decide it's future. In one  sense ...

INDIA'S EXTERNAL SECTOR  The geo political conflicts and trade disruptions have been impacting much awaited resilience of global economy. Extended supply side pressures have led to persistent increase in commodity prices and consequentlly rising inflationary pressures till early June 2026. In this context World Bank's latest Global Economic Prospects  projected the global growth to slow down to 3.4 %.Expectations varied between major Advanced Economies (AE) and Emerging Markets and developing Economies (EMDES).Such variations are  attributed to volatile capital flows,energy prices and shifting global trade patterns and dynamics. India's external sector is also facing unprecedented problems. In India energy vulnerability is primarily due to heavy import dependence of nearly 85% of India's crude oil requirements making it highly vulnerable to global price fluctuations. Usually rising oil prices  are also followed by geopolitical tensions (as in West Asia) which consequ...