Gold Chain

 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY  World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) celebrate Intellectual Property Day every year on 26th April since 2000 to create awareness about how  patents, copyrights trademarks and designs impact our day today life.Intellectual property is integral to creation of human mind  which could be incorporated as creative or inventive work like-inventions ,artistic works,books,music, films, designs etc. According to Albert Einstein the creation of human mind is interlinked with power of imagination and the ability to stand on existing foundation of accepted knowledge and see beyond to the next frontier of discovery. In effect that is the source of personal cultural and economic advancement. The idea of Intellectual property originated from the realization that let individuals reap exclusive fruits of human intellect from their knowledge, creativity, expertise, skills, scientific and traditional resources research and work experience. In other wor...

Unfolding of the  Israel-US - Iran  war crisis already started impinging both the global economy and Indian economy particularly in energy, threatening energy security, disrupting trade routes and  widening trade deficit and current account deficit. Energy prices and inflation rates are positively correlated.In India rise in fuel prices, LPG prices both domestic and commercial along with shortage and consequent elevation of price of fertilizers  which is essential ingredients for  farm input etc are bound to make not only higher inflationary trends but also a decline in agricultural output possibly in forthcoming Khariff season.Apart from agriculture,  energy crisis is bound affect a large number of industries and products like textiles, paints, cement, tyres, fertilizers and chemicals etc. Global trade and movements of goods across Red Sea and Suez Canal are being disrupted, necessitating  rerouting via the Cape of Good Hope resulting in 15-20 days ad...

 POLICY RATES Monetary policy Committee (MPC) meeting held in April 2026 decided to retain policy rates maintaining the  neutral policy stance due to heightened geopohaslitical uncertainties in West Asia. According to RBI Governor despite the impact of unprecedented geopolitical disturbances in Middle East and consequent supply chain disruptions the Indian economy remained on a stronger footing policy in comparison with earlier crisis episodes. Accordingly MPC decided to retain rates at the existing rates as -Repo rate at 5.25 ,Standing Deposit facility (SDF) rate 5.00%,Bank Rate and Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) rate both at 5.50%  and Cash Reserve ratio (CRR)  at 3%.RBIs  GDP growth estimates indicated 6.9 % for the financial year 2026-27where in Q1 6.8%, Q2 6.7%,Q3  7.0% and Q4 7.2 % were estimated quarterly projections.Inflation projections indicated that for Fy 2026-27 CPI Inflation is estimated  at 4.6% , likely  to increase to 5.2% in Q3...

 FOSSIL FUEL Fossil fuels  mainly comprising of Coal,Petroleum(black liquid gold), and natural gas contributed  85-93% of global energy production during the period 1950-2005.Traditionally coal was the dominant fuel in mid 20th century  providng nearly half of global energy. However by 1961 petrol overtook  the position as the major source  of energy that  exceeded 50% share of global energy in 1973.Natural gas share also more than doubled from 10%  in 1950  to 24.2% in 2019.It has been observed that by 2019 fossil fuel accounted above 81% of global energy production and it continue to remain above 81% of energy goods consumed.In specific sectors fossil fuel  utilisation remain robust.  The appearence of Petroleum or crude oil, is a blackish  yellow liquid chemical mixture found in geographical formations consisting of mainly hydrocarbons .This  fossil fuel is evolved over millions of  years from decay of organic...

 Global Governance has evolved over many centuries shaped by major historical turning points and the rise of global institutions.The treaty of Kadesh (BC1258) and the Treaty of Westphatia (1648) marked  significant moments  by establishing formal international treaties. Treaty of Westphalia marked the end of 30 years of war that devastated  Europe (1618-48)and witnessed the end of rule by religious authority and the  emergence of secular authority rule.Since then  the secular authority  provided the foundation of international relations and the idea and notion of territorial integrity of states- legally equal and Sovereign participation in the global system evolved and prevailed .Similarly organizations like Telegraph Union (1865),and Universal  Postal Union (1865) between Egypt and Hittites also played their role to coordinate the behaviour of transactional actors, facilitating cooperation, resolving disputes and establishing rule of law.The Indu...

VICISSITUDES IN INDO CANADA RELATIONS  Indo Canada bilateral relations dates back to  19th century and both were members of Common Wealth Nations and G20.Indian emigration to Canada also started in 2nd half of 19th century.Eventhough Canadian Government initially introduced immigration quotas  by 1970s and 1980s Indian emigration to Canada increased rapidly,and Indians   became one of the largest immigrant  population in Canada. As per one estimate Canada ranks 4th among countries with large Indian population of 2875,954 people of Indian origin.  As per the estimates  of students there were more than 8 lakh  international students in Canada  in 2022 wherein 40% were from India.During in the period 2023 to 2025 India Canada diplomatic relations deteriorated mainly due to  the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's allegation that India was responsible to  assasinate a Khalistani separatist movement leader in June 2023. Followi...