Gold Chain

Since 2013 except for the Covid19 period,India, witnessed relatively high GDP growth rate of  6.39% in 2013 to 7.41% in2024,8.00% in 2015,8.26 % in 2016 6.80%,in 2017 6.45 % in 2018,3.74% in 2019 and minus (-) 10.33 % GDP growth reported due to Covid19 impact in 2020. Afterwards Fy 2021 witnessed 8.68% growth 2022 7% and in 2023  8.68% growth. Analysts advocated that high growth rate reported in the previous years were largely due to vibrant infrastructure development  policies focusing on manufacturing sector like 'making India program' launched in 2014 followed by Atmanirbhar Bharat, Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, Digital revolution, incentives for MSME'S, Startups, electronics , automobiles, defense equipments,space products and semiconductors etc.For the financial year 2024-25 both national and international agencies predicted very robust growth for India being the fastest growing economy of the world. Accordingly Reserve Bank of India itself projected 7.2%...

Intellectual property refers to creations of human mind resulting in innovations that eventually leads to material, physical ,artistic or technological creations.The financial or asset  value of it can be protected by means of various IP rights provided as per World Intellectual Property Organisation and Trade related Intellectual Property Rights agreements reached under WTO  from time to time by the member countries countries of the organization .In the global economy recent policy changes are driven by renewed insight into the efficacy of optimally responding to challenges like climate change, supply chain disruptions, national security concerns,and prevailing geopolitical conflicts.Global economy's response to innovation and development is largely governed by not only inventions and innovations but also dynamic use of intellectual property right instruments. Important IP rights that can be claimed and protected are Patents Rights, industrial designs,trademarks, copyrights, ...

The decision to go for Sovereign credit rating by the country like private sector or corporate sector firms evoked much discussion in India. Sovereign credit rating refers to an independent assessment of the credit worthiness of a country or Sovereign entity. Sovereign credit ratings can give the  investor insight about the level of risk associated with investing in debt of a particular ountry. Generally independent credit rating agencies make an assessment of credit risks of prospective debtor - whether an individual, a business company or Government depending on predicting their ability to pay back their debt and also an implicit forecast about the likelihood of the debtor defaulting.The evaluation method from a credit rating agency comprises of  both quantitative and  qualitative sources. The country risk ranking prepared by the credit rating agencies as on January  2018 based on evaluation of 185 countries mainly based on factors like political risk, economic ris...

Financial system enables lenders and borrowers to exchange funds. India's financial system is controlled by independent regulators in different sectors like banking, insurance, capital market and various service sectors including RBI,IRA,SEBI etc. Main constituents of Indian financial system include financial institutions, financial markets, financial instruments and financial services which do play a vibrant role in country's development especially after the onset of liberalisation and economic reforms introduced in the country. Inspite of global uncertainties and challenges currently India stands out as a fast growing major economy in the world. Indian financial system remains resilient due to stronger macro  economic fundamentals, favourable demographics,and dynamic  pace of digitalisation in financial sector etc.resulting in a favorable healthy and resilient financial sector  in India. Our capital market. is well capitalised and unchanged balance sheet indicate o...

 International Monetary Fund's October 2024 World Economic Outlook released focused on divergent,interesting and disturbing tendencies facing the global economy. Most resilient aspect has been  that the global war against inflation had almost won because after peaking at 9.4% per year in the third quarter of 2022 global headline inflation rate is currently projected to reach 3.5% by the end of 2025 below the average of 3.6% recorded between 2000 and 2019.It has been observed that in economies where core inflation persist at above target levels policy rules should remain in restrictive territory.Much of the disinflation can  be attributed to the unveiling of the shocks themselves followed by improvement in labour supply often linked to immigration . Immigration to European union, labour market was higher during 2022-23 was substantially higher tha in the past. Although major decline in inflation is a significant achievement downside risks are also increasing, and  dom...