Gold Chain

WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK  According to IMF 's World Economic Outlook July 2025 update amidst tenuous resilience and persistent uncertainty the global  growth is projected  to  be 3.0% for 2025 and 3.1 %  for  2026 which is slightly higher to the extent of 0.2 % for 2025 and 0.1 % for 2026 as against that projected in April 2025 World Economic Outlook.Since April 2025 uncertainties not only persisted but also elevated particularly in global trade and tarrifs.However on May  12th China and USA agreed to lower for 90 days tarrifs(until August 12)  that had resulted from post April 2 escalation. The  US  current pause on higher tarrifs for most of its trading partners is set to expire in August .Global growth in the first quarter of 2025 was 0.3% above that  predicted in April WEO .Even though international trade and investment activities increased but private consumption subdued across countries. While US GDP decreased by 0.5% consumer s...

 DIMENSIONS OF INDIAN EMIGRATION  As per May 2024 estimate Indian diaspora comprising of both persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) and non resident Indians (NRIs) together constitute 35,42 million  (3.542 crores) which is the largest among world diaspora spread  across more than 200 countries. Out of total 8.2 billion global population ,  India account for 1.46  billion. Among the total number of Indian diaspora of  35.42 million abroad top ten recipient countries comprise of , USA accounting for the largest number of 5.4 million followed by UAE 3.6 million Malaysia 2.9 million, Canada 2.8 million, Saudi Arabia 2.4 million  Myanmar 2 mllion, UK 1.8 million South Africa 1.7 million ,Srilanka 1.6 million and in Kuwait,1.029 million .Historically the  demand for Indian labour increased after British Parliament abolished slavery in their  colonial plantations in 1834 and new system of indentured labour (half way between slavery and freedom) came ...

SANCTIONS AND TARRIFS   In recent days first we have witnessed that United States is preparing a bill seeking to impose 500% tariff  duties on  Soviet oil exported to other countries that continue to  trade with Soviet union. US President Donald Trump is backing Russian Sanctions 2025, and president had threatened imposition of Secondary Tariff of 100%  on countries that continue to trade on sanctioned Russian products.US Congress also issued a threat particularly to countries like China , India and Brazil.According to NATO Chief India, China and Brazil should convince Russian president Valdmir Putin to be serious about peace talks with Ukraine and if they continue to do business with Russia it will "slam back "to them.As the US Congress debates on tightening sanctions on the purchasers of Russian crude oil are gathering momentum especially against India China and Brazil ,It is to be noted here that the European Union (E U) has already sanctioned  the...

RIO BRICS SUMMIT  The Idea of BRIC as a grouping of emerging economies-  Brazil, Russia India and China was originally mooted in 2001 by Godman Sachs economist Jim O Neil,The grouping first met as a Summit in 2009 and South Africa got entry into it in 2010 and consequently name  changed to BRICS. By 2024 because of prevailing geo political conflicts, particularly the threat of  sanctions imposed by US against countries which scared them and consequently it led to increased demand for BRICS membership,  elevating to 11 country grouping  in 2024,comprising of BRICS + new members - Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia Iran,Saudi Arabia and UAE  who were admitted as full time members. Further countries like Belarus,,Cuba, Vietnam, Kazakhstan Thailand and Uganda were enrolled as partner countries. Recently held 17 th BRICS summit at Rio de Janeiro Brazil ,focused the theme of  "Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a more inclusive and Sustainable Governanc...

 DOMESTIC RESESILIENCE Reserve Bank of India has released the June 2025 issue of  Financial Stability Report prepared by  sub committee of Financial Stability and Development Council  (FSDC) which dealt in detail the resilience of Indian financial system and various challenges faced in maintaining  financial stability. As of now despite many uncertainties and global challenges Indian economy  continues to remain a key driver of world economic growth underpinned by strong macroeconomic fundamentals and Prudent economic management. The domestic financial system is experiencing greater resilience supported by healthy balance sheets of banks and  non banking financial institutions .It is also strongly  supported by conditions like accommodative monetary and economic policies and relatively low fluctuations in both capital and financial markets. The strength of the corporate  balance sheets also further contributed to strengthening overall macroec...