Gold Chain

 IMF's World Economic Outlook, October 2021 focus on "Recovery during a Pandemic:Health Concerns, supply disruptions and price pressures ".Global economic recovery continues despite resurgent pandemic.Pandemc outbreaks in critical links of global supply chains have resulted in longer than expected supply disruptions further feeding inflation in many countries Overall risks to economic prospects have increased and policy trade offs have became more complex. Compared to July forecast IMF's global growth  projection for  2021has been revised down originally to 5.9% and is unchanged for 2022 at 4.9%.While advanced economies are projected to grow at 5.2% in 2021 and 4.5% in 2022 emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs)is expected to grow at 7.2% in 2021 and 6.3% in 2022.Among advanced economies UK is expected 6.8% growth followed by France 6.3% and USA 6%  growth this year. As far as India and China are concerned China is expected to grow 8.0% in 2021 and 5.6% in...

 Supply chain is the network between a company and its suppliers to produce and distribute a specific product or service. Management of supply chain or flow of goods and services includes all processes that transform raw materials into final product. It involves the active streamlining of supply side activities right from procurement of inputs and production to maximize customer value and gain competitive advantage in the marketplace. In other words supply chain can be explained in terms of  a,original sourcing or extraction of raw materials b,refining or manufacturing materials into basic parts, c,Assembling basic parts into finished products and d,selling and delivering finished products to end users or consumers. A good supply chain management can improve the efficiency of plants,warehouses and transportation vehicles. The cash flow is directly increased because of the timely delivery of the product to consumers.   Transnationationalisation of production coupled with i...

 The Nobel prize in Economic Sciences 2021 are to be shared by David Card of University of California Berkeley(50%) Joshua D Angrist, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(25%)Guido W Imbens, Stransford University(25%). Since 1990s a "credibility revolution " transformed Economics and instead of theory empirical work got prominence. Today the lion's share of notable research is empirical and predominantly focuses on natural experiments and causation.       Natural experiments refers to experiments undertaken in the context of changes in nature or policy which provide situations that resemble randomised experiments, and the brilliance of those scholars lies in their ability to recognise these studies and identify the conditions under which causal issues can be reestablished using these naturally occurring phenomenon.David Card's research focuses on how minimum wages, immigration and education affect the labour market.His study published in 1993 analysed to what  ...

 Bad Bank is defined as an asset management or reconstruction company that takes over the bad loans of commercial banks,manages them and finally recovers the money over a period of time.Bad bank is not involved in lending and taking deposits but helps commercial banks to clean up their balance sheet and resolve bad loans.   Non Performing assets (NPAs) or bad loans of commercial banks have been shooting up unabated and in the past Various methods were adopted to tackle the problem.First we had the lok Adalats, followed by debt recovery tribunal and then Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest (SARFASI)Act which is supposed to give creditors much more power to be able to recover debts.Of late the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code IBC was expected to allow quick resolution and high recovery.But gradually afterwards  under this mechanism the rate of recovery began to decline quite sharply.   NPAs of Scheduled commercial ba...

 Whether the creation of AUKUS, the recently launched trilateral defence partnership between Australia UK and USA will strengthen or weaken the already existing quadrilateral strategic forum - QUAD between USA, Japan, Australia and India originally founded in 2007 and reestablished after negotiations in November 2017. AUKUS agreement aims to ensure that there will be enduring freedom and openess in the Indo Pacific region. The agreement assured security commitments to Australia and US undertaken the deal of particularly sharing American and British nuclear submarine technology with Creation of a fleet of nuclear powered submarines forAustralia.Australia will also host American bombers in its territory and get access to advanced missile technology. Australia is now set to join the elite group of six countries- USA, India,China, Russia UK and France that operate nuclear powered submarines.AUKUS will also co operate on emerging technologies artificial intelligence, quantum technologie...