Gold Chain

As Goldman Sachs economist Jim O Neil's paper mooted the idea of " Building Better Global Economic  BRIC in2001 and it became a reality in 2006 and later South Africa was admitted two years later and the five member emerging economies -Brazil, Russia India, China and South Africa became capable of  challenging the undemocratic inequities of global order and global institutional governance. In 2003 Gold man Sachs predicted that  the global map would significantly change due to these emerging economies combined strength and would out strip the western dominated order before 2039.According to Bloomberg economic estimate an expanded BRICS group would represent about half of global output by 2040.BRICS is infact more globally represented than UN Security Council and the G7 but less than G 20 which is dominated by the west that makes efficient functioning of BRICS very vital to global governance and world economy Governments of of BRICS countries have been meeting annually to d...

 Initially multi national enterprises started functioning from developed countries like USA, UK, Germany and Japan operating in both developed and developing countries across all continents  in sectors including mining, plantations, refining, shipping, banking, insurance, manufacturing etc.In due course transnationalisation of production or investment  of MNEs became a reality and the original or parent company became irrelevant and disappeared for instance a UK company transformed in to an Indian company when Tatas acquired Tetley group in 2000.Similarly manufacturing of Apple's Ipad involves assembling 44 different components across different countries and continents of the world. Significantly manufacturing of MNEs varied from light potato chips to strategic semiconductor chips. Not only foreign Direct Investment became an integral part of global supply chains but also their clout enabled them to influence the policy decisions of national governments and at times even ...

 Semiconductor industry refers to the aggregate of manufacturing units engaged in the design and fabrication of Semiconductors and semiconductor devices such as transistors and integrated circuits. Technically semiconductors are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of the conductor (such as copper wire)and  an  insulator (like a rubber glove).This unique property enables them ideal to use in electronics devices.. Semiconductors are essential to almost all sectors of the economy comprising of aerospace, automobiles, communications,clean energy, information technology and medical devices etc. Though industry was started around 1960 in due course fabrication of devices became vulnerable especially due to situations like Covid19 pandemic and also increased demand conditions for semiconductors but constrained by supply chain disruptions due to factors including work from home conditions. However sales from semiconductors  reached a peak level of $555.9...