Gold Chain

 Economists do discuss about optimum population where the composition of existing population is sufficient enough to utilise available resources optimally.But deciding the optimum level is a very complicated in the context of variations in levels of technology, skills,health and education available resources and infrastructure and most importantly the size and composition of population.At present many of the developed countries are experiencing the problems associated with ageing of population with declining fertility rate and increasing longevity and accelerating the need for geriatric health care.Ageing of population is necessarily both irreversible and inevitable reality caused by factors like advancements in health and medical care longevity and declining fertility rates.In fact declining fertility, reduction in mortality and increasing survival at older ages are collectively responsible for the ageing of population.Generally the population of older persons with age of 60 years...

 IMF's  half yearly report"World Economic Outlook" October 2023 released currently indicated that global economy still continues to recover slowly from the blows of pandemic, Russian invasion of Ukraine,cost of living crisis and impact of war on energy and food markets.In addition to that there was unprecedented tightening of global monetary conditions to combat decade high inflation in many countries.As a result even though the global economy has slowed but it has  not stalled.However economic growth remained slow and uneven with growing global divergences and global economy is limping back, but not sprinting. IMF's global growth forecast showed a decline from 3.5% in 2022 to 3.0 % in 2023 and 2.9% in 2024.Update to the World Economic Outlook released earlier indicated slow down for advanced countries from 2.6% in 2022 to 1.5% in 2023 and 1.4% in 2024.But US growth is projected  to  remain both 2.1% in 2022 and 2.1 % in 2023 and decline to 1.5% in 2024.The perf...

 The 2023 Nobel prize in Economics won by Harvard University Economic historian Claudia Goldin for her seminal contribution towards exposing gender gap issues primarily emanating from deeply rooted wage inequities between men and women. Claudia Goldin who in 1990 became the first woman to be tenured to serve( or to  become permanent) in  Hardward University Economics Department.Goldin  is only just the third woman to win Nobel Prize in Economics out of total 93 Nobel laureates in Economics and only 26th time the prize has been awarded to a sole Laureate so far,  according to the Nobel prize committee ."It may be noted here that the First woman to win Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009 was Elinor Ostram along with her male counterpart Oliver E Willamson for her analysis of economic governance. On the other hand in 2019 the Economist couple French American Lady economist Esther Dafol  and her Indian husband Abhijith Banerjee and Michael Kremer together won Nobe...