IMPACT OF DYNAMIC DIGITAL REVOLUTION IN INDIA

 The digital revolution in India effectively started from July 2015  with the embarkement of digital India programme designed to transform the country into a digitally  empowered and knowledge based economy buttresed by three main pillars  namely robust digital infrastructure, empowered citizens promoting digital financial inclusion and accessibility of government policy and services. According  State of India's Digital Economy Report 2024 India is the third largest digitalised country in the world  and is expected to grow grow almost twice as fast as the overall economy expected to contribute 20% of GDP (national income) by 2029.Under digitalization programme major  programs include initiatives like  Common Service Centers (CSCs) that have provided services including e- governance, education, health care and banking facilities especially to marginalised sections. Programs for technological development and market expansion in semiconductor fabs,digital India,smart city projects etc accelerated the revolutionary process.As per October 2023 data there were 590020 CSCs out of which 468773 were operating in rural areas. In other words digital revolution in India depends on factors likeBroadband connectivity,universal access to mobile connectivity, public interest access programme etc.Empowering citizens through digital India initiatives  like digilocker to secure document management, utilisation regional language  email services likeData Mail bridge  the linguistic gap,PMGDisha world's largest digital literacy largely benefitting  rural areas in imparting digital skills like marketing e-commerce, finance and cyber security or different dimensions of digital economy.Emerging technologies like  cloud computing and Artificial Intelligence AI have helped businesses in India to become more productive and competent. Governance,E governance, E Kranti,information access to all , electronics manufacturing accelerated the focus on Information technology for employment generation. It may be noted that US administration announced the AI diffusion framework based on combining export controls and export licenses for AI chips and model weights. New legislation is mandating built-in location tracking for AI chips to  to prevent their illicit diversion into countries like China Russia,and other less desirable countries. On the otherhand Chinese innovations export controls spurred algorithmic and architectural breakthroughs, enabled Chinese Deep Seek to rival the best AI models from US.Obviously in future there will be not only vigorous innovations for developing new AI chips but also to restrict its access to rival countries. 

FINTECH  SECTOR 

Fintech sector revolution in India has redefined financial inclusion through digital payments, AI etc. driven lending and block chain technology. Development of fintech sector  require enhancing global fintech  partnerships strengthening data protection ,fostering competition etc.  Fintech in India has been developed from payme for secure document management start ups to Lending technology, wealth tech,insurance tech and Regulatory start ups. Reserve Bank of India provided necessary guidelines for self regulation  inorder to make a sustainable Fintech eco system.While fintech  continues to grow rapidly new players are entering the market and existing players are diversifying with different products with an eye on tapping both urban and rural people. However main  challenges remain like regulatory concerns, data security, and low financial literacy, and how to utilise technologies like block chain  AI,and machine learning in order to achieve deeper financial inclusion.Main contributory factors fo India's Fintech development  has been rising levels of disposable income, initiatives for financial inclusion, smart phone and internet penetration and Government backed Digital public infrastructure. It may be noted here  that  USA has the superior fintech eco system in the world  followed by UK and Singapore. India has witnessed explosive growth in fintech sector for  the last five years and  expected to reach a valuation of $150-160 billion in 2025.assuming strong perspective demand, enabling regulatory environment, technology and a robust investors eco system. Further Fintech growth in India is projected to reach the value of $990 billion by 2032 assuming a 30.2% compound  growth rate (CAGR). Accordingly India has positioned as competitive global Fintech hub with highest fintech adoption compared to other fintech hubs like US,UK ,China and Singapore, 

HEALTH AND EDUCATION 

In  the health sector the initial revolution was embarking digital technology that helped to solve efficiently Covid19 vaccination program in the country Further the health care delivery system has been strengthened by National Digital Health Mission, Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission and  National Digital Health Blueprint. AI enabled medical devices, electronic medical records and digital technology  is quickly making inroads in the Indian  health systems Indian health care system will gradually become more individual centric,hollistic and proactive with the use of technology. Beginning with IRCTC and online Air travel bookings etc gave tremendous boost to travel and tourism industry to explore, plan and experience travel and tourism .In education right from primary levelto secondary level, higher education and research facilities  digital services and initiatives and various digital schemes are revolemand,utionizing education systems in the country..Few schemes like SWAYAM provide opportunities forto students to acccess courses in the education sectoropossibilities of AI induced learning and imparting of education lead often to personalized  learning  through generative AI education makes it more worthy. Ai engine can identify the  strengths and weaknesses of students  including "SWAYAM,ePATHSFHALA etc.AI can help the futures by means of more analytics focusing each student in predictive health, effective mental health, diagnostics and overall health

AGRICULTURE 

 Digitalisation in Agricultural sector enabled detection of diseases in different crops, imparted knowledge to the farmers in vernacular languages about application of fertilizers, pesticides in appropriate quantities promptly in time.According to FAO Digital technologies can play a critical role in transforming agricultural production comprising of crops,livestock, aquaculture and forestry. Digital revolution is transforming agriculture by leveraging technologies like AI,Internet of things and data analytics to increase efficiency, productivity and sustainability. Awareness about loan facilities and availability of financial help from Government were provided.Schemes in the agricultural include 'mkisan', 'farmer portal', Kisan Suvidha App,"Pusa Krishi",Soil health Card App,'eNAM',Crop insurance mobileAPP,Agri Market App",Fertilizer Monitoring App along with Women security app 'Nirbhaya' app and Himmat app have been implemented.for  security of women working in agricultural sector as well.Digital technologies enable farmers to manage and monitor their crops more efficiently, which include utilisation of drones,sensors and satellite images to collect data on weather pattern, soil conditions,crop health 

CHALLENGES 

Ongoing digital revolution despite providing numerous advantages and contributing to  around 13% of India's GDP it also presents several shortcomings . They include increasing security risks,threat of social disconnect and over reliance on technology .Immediate  challenges are- cyber security risks.,data privacy concerns and  ,infrastructure problems.    Excessive dependence on digital communication tempt to decline face to face interactions of human beings, further reducing social skills and creating a sense of isolation.Digitalisation also lead to distortions like cyber attacks,and breaches of both data and personal privacy. Most importantly excessive dependence on technology is likely to lead to job displacement due to automation. Further more the already existing digital divide is likely to aggravate prevailing inequalities of income and wealth .Artificial alogretech intelligence (AI) is the branch of study that utilises machines to substitute human intelligence by performing tasks like learning, reasoning and making decisions. Artificial Intelligence offers increased efficiency, automation and great potential for data driven decision making . On the contrary job displacement, high initial costs ,lack of- emotional intelligence and creativity, dependency,reliability, privacy and personal data concerns are the reported constraints associated with AI . However AI associated with scientific research, medical diagnostics  and strategic planning will amplify expert productivity, increased workers earning potential and promote development. Policy makers could create incentives for  high valuables that will increase workers earning potential and reinforce the dominance of innovation hubs.Computer scientists engaged in developing technology could also promote high quality education and training that could promote global talent mobility. 

CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS 

Digital India has impacted every sector of the Indian economy. It has provided identity solutions to 1.3 billion Aadhar card holders. The share of total global digital transactions amounted to  48 % of global transactions .Digital revolution applied to a  wide range of activities ranging from direct beneficiary transfer (DBT) to reserving railway and air transport, travel and tourism, medical diagnosis, finance, robotics, law and judiciary, agriculture, industry etc. UPI remained  the biggest intervention through national payment Corporation of India making payments to 116 crores mobile users Many of human fantasies and dreams like self driving cars,and automated robots are becoming a reality. Digital revolution is transforming agriculture and industry sectors ,health care education ,financial technology, travel and tourism etc. It may be noted that the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) conference hosted by India in 2023 emphasised the need for "equitable access to critical resources for AI research and innovation "so that India's role as bridge between AI superpowers of the Global North and developing nations of Global South assumes greater significance.However competition between US and China in AI technology sharing  continues to be a  major stumbling block . Other challenges also remain t  tackle inequality,Digital Divide and AI proliferation needs to be addressedappropriately. While IT sector and AI are generating jobs, due to increased efficiency and economies of scale many jobs are being displaced.  When job opportunities are dwindling generally and  while experts retained in their respective jobs continue  to recieve higher incomes along with existing skewed distribution of income and wealth inequality is likely to aggravate further.