Gold Chain

 Economists do discuss about optimum population where the composition of existing population is sufficient enough to utilise available resources optimally.But deciding the optimum level is a very complicated in the context of variations in levels of technology, skills,health and education available resources and infrastructure and most importantly the size and composition of population.At present many of the developed countries are experiencing the problems associated with ageing of population with declining fertility rate and increasing longevity and accelerating the need for geriatric health care.Ageing of population is necessarily both irreversible and inevitable reality caused by factors like advancements in health and medical care longevity and declining fertility rates.In fact declining fertility, reduction in mortality and increasing survival at older ages are collectively responsible for the ageing of population.Generally the population of older persons with age of 60 years...

 IMF's  half yearly report"World Economic Outlook" October 2023 released currently indicated that global economy still continues to recover slowly from the blows of pandemic, Russian invasion of Ukraine,cost of living crisis and impact of war on energy and food markets.In addition to that there was unprecedented tightening of global monetary conditions to combat decade high inflation in many countries.As a result even though the global economy has slowed but it has  not stalled.However economic growth remained slow and uneven with growing global divergences and global economy is limping back, but not sprinting. IMF's global growth forecast showed a decline from 3.5% in 2022 to 3.0 % in 2023 and 2.9% in 2024.Update to the World Economic Outlook released earlier indicated slow down for advanced countries from 2.6% in 2022 to 1.5% in 2023 and 1.4% in 2024.But US growth is projected  to  remain both 2.1% in 2022 and 2.1 % in 2023 and decline to 1.5% in 2024.The perf...

 The 2023 Nobel prize in Economics won by Harvard University Economic historian Claudia Goldin for her seminal contribution towards exposing gender gap issues primarily emanating from deeply rooted wage inequities between men and women. Claudia Goldin who in 1990 became the first woman to be tenured to serve( or to  become permanent) in  Hardward University Economics Department.Goldin  is only just the third woman to win Nobel Prize in Economics out of total 93 Nobel laureates in Economics and only 26th time the prize has been awarded to a sole Laureate so far,  according to the Nobel prize committee ."It may be noted here that the First woman to win Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009 was Elinor Ostram along with her male counterpart Oliver E Willamson for her analysis of economic governance. On the other hand in 2019 the Economist couple French American Lady economist Esther Dafol  and her Indian husband Abhijith Banerjee and Michael Kremer together won Nobe...

 The subject of remittances or personal income transfers associated with migration has been impacting households, investment( both private and Government) Government policy making, macro economy in general and external sector in particular. The money that migrant workers send home country continues to provide stable and vital income to  millions of people particularly in developing countries . According to world bank report Remittances became the financial life line of many economies  during the pandemic period and will become even more so in the foreseeable future.It may be noted here the money sent home through  banking or authorised official channels will benefit the welfare of the households and resulting foreign exchange recieved willl buttress the balance of payment position and  accrue to  the foreign exchange reserves of the country. The transfer of money that immediately utilised is accounted in the Current Account of Balance of Payment.Whereas Inv...

Fintech industry as we see presently did not exist even three decades ago.Fintech or financial technology can be described as the new technology used to improve and automate the delivery and use of financial services. It is utilized to assist companies, business men and consumers to better manage their financial operations. Financial sector of the economy in turn comprise of firms and institutions that provide financial services to  commercial and retail customers through banks,  non banking financial institutions, investment companies,Insurance companies and real estate firms. A lions share of financial sector revenues has been generated by loans and mortgages.It has been observed that emergence of various financial technologies has revolutionized the transactions making it easier and less time consuming and also less costly.  Fintech consists  of  new technologies that used to  improve and automate the delivery and use of financial services.Fintech's evol...

 Recently concluded G20 New Delhi Summit attracted much attention within and across the globe.Along with India's expertise in negotiations G7s role particularly that of US and Japan and that of members of BRICS were mainly responsible in clinching a unanimous declaration at the  G20  Summit in New Delhi. G 20 as a group account for about 85% of global GDP and two third of world population and over three fourth of global trade. G 20 or Group of twenty is an intergovernmental forum founded on September 26th 1999 concieved by G7 In response to the series of crises that occurred across emerging markets like Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Russia and East Asia in 1990s. The group consists of European Union, Argentina, Brazil,Canada,China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia,Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States.In addition to member countries this year as president India has invited Bangladesh, Egypt, Mauritius...

 The quest for India becoming a $5 trillion economy  and beyond has  been the major point of discussion among policy makers and development experts in recent years which gained further momentum and extended  even beyond $ 10 trillion after Prime Minister  observed about the possibility of India becoming one among the three major economies of  the  world. Government of India's Press Information Bureau on 11th October 2018 released Vision of US $5 trillion economy for India assuming that India has been one of the fastest growing major economyof the globe ranked then as the world's 6th largest economy .Analysis showed that projections for growth over medium term remains largely encouraging and optimistic to the country. India has got potential to achieve a US $5 trillion economy by 2025.But Covid19 and other global headwinds seems to have caused some set back in achieving the targeted  $5 trillion  by 2025 instead it has been shifted to posssibl...